随动定向战斗部破片飞散特性研究

针对防空导弹常规破片式杀伤战斗部使用中存在能量利用率低的缺陷,提出采用随动定向战斗部的观点。建立随动定向战斗部的破片动态飞散区和飞散速度的计算模型,采用数值解析方法,解决在复杂弹目交会条件下破片的飞散区域与打击速度的计算问题．并用MATLAB软件对建立的模型进行验证,得出仿真结果与实际结果一致,这表明模型是合理、正确的。     

无奇点三维攻击时间控制滑模导引律

为研究导弹在视场角约束下的三维攻击时间控制问题,提出一种三维非线性滑模导引律。利用攻击时间误差设计滑模面,推导出三维形式的俯仰和偏航加速度指令;通过对所设计制导律进行简单修正,解决了零初始前置角引起的奇点问题;从数学上证明了该导引律的稳定性和收敛性,讨论了导引律相关参数的取值范围,分析了与纯比例导引法、解耦三维导引律之间的关系。仿真结果表明,所设计导引律能够在视场角约束条件下有效实现攻击时间增大或减小的控制;俯仰和偏航平面的耦合程度越强,该导引律控制能耗小的优势越为明显。     

液压水锤效应引起液体喷溅特性及其影响因素试验研究

为研究液压水锤效应引起的液体喷溅特性及其影响因素,进行了高速破片撞击充液容器的试验,测试了液体内的空腔振荡特性、压力分布特性和容器外的液体喷溅特性。试验结果表明:液压水锤效应引起的液体喷溅有两个不同的阶段。第一个阶段发生在空腔生长到最大体积后的400~700 μs内,喷溅液体的头部呈箭状;在第二个阶段出现多次形状相似的脉动喷溅,且单次脉动均发生在每次空腔溃灭之后,喷溅液体具有伞状头部与线状尾部。液体内的压力和侵彻孔的形态共同影响液体的喷溅速度,相对喷溅速度与破片的撞击速度成反比。喷溅液体在运动过程中存在速度波动,且随着喷溅次数的增加,液体喷溅速度逐渐下降,速度拐点出现的位置逐渐接近侵彻孔。     

Damage mechanics and energy absorption capabilities of naturalfiber reinforced elastomeric based bio composite for sacrificial structural applications

The present study deals with the experimental, finite element (FE) and analytical assessment of low ballistic impact response of proposedflexible'green' composite make use of naturally available jute and rubber as the constituents of the composite with stacking sequences namely jute/rubber/jute (JRJ), jute/rubber/rubber/jute (JRRJ) and jute/rubber/jute/rubber/jute (JRJRJ). Ballistic impact tests were carried out by firing a conical projectile using a gas gun apparatus at lower range of ballistic impact regime. The ballistic impact response of the proposed flexible composites are assesses based on energy absorption and damage mechanism. Results revealed that inclusion of natural rubber aids in better energy ab-sorption and mitigating the failure of the proposed composite. Among the three different stacking se-quences of flexible composites considered, JRJRJ provides better ballistic performance compared to its counterparts. The damage study reveals that the main mechanism of failure involved in flexible com-posites is matrix tearing as opposed to matrix cracking in stiff composites indicating that the proposedflexible composites are free from catastrophic failure. Results obtained from experimental, FE and analytical approach pertaining to energy absorption and damage mechanism agree well with each other. The proposed flexible composites due to their exhibited energy absorption capabilities and damage mechanism are best suited as claddings for structural application subjected to impact with an aim of protecting the main structural component from being failed catastrophically.     

CH2Cl2模拟剂扩散模型的建立及试验验证

研究分析了描述重气扩散过程的多种现有模型的特点,选择以浅层模型为基础,设计开发了CH2Cl2模拟弹爆炸扩散过程模拟分析的软件系统．通过与试验蛄果对比．表明了计算机模拟分析的有效性,为远距离红外检测系统提供了辅助技术基础．     

破片模拟弹侵彻钢板的有限元分析

根据破片模拟弹侵彻钢板的实验研究,采用MSC.Dytran对破片模拟弹侵彻钢板的侵彻过程、侵彻特性、钢板的破坏模式以及弹体的侵彻速度、靶板的侵彻阻力进行了有限元分析,并将分析结果与实验结果进行了比较.分析结果表明,破片模拟弹冲击钢装甲的侵彻过程可大致分为初始接触、弹体侵入、剪切冲塞和穿甲破坏4个阶段.有限元分析的破片模拟弹侵彻特性及靶板破坏模式与实验观测结果有较好的一致性,在靶板破口的正面,与弹体平面凸缘两端接触的部分,变形以剪切为主,而与切削面接触的部分,以挤压变形为主;靶板破口背面为剪切冲塞破坏;有限元模拟的弹体剩余速度与实验结果吻合较好,弹体侵彻过程中弹靶作用界面的速度和侵彻速度近似呈线性变化.有限元分析结果还表明,采用适当的模型,有限元法能较好地模拟破片模拟弹侵彻钢板的侵彻过程、侵彻特性以及钢板的破坏模式.     

超高速碰撞形成一次碎片云特性

对超高速碰撞数值模拟方法进行了讨论.采用ANSYS/AUTODYN程序的SPH方法,对球形弹丸超高速撞击时弹丸的破碎、碎片云的形成及扩展过程进行数值模拟,其结果与实验结果进行比较,并验证了计算方法和模型参数的正确性.在此基础上采用数值模拟方法,对钨合金、轧制均质装甲及LY12铝三种材料的球形弹丸超高速撞击靶板之后形成的一次碎片云形貌及演化规律进行了研究,并基于量纲分析方法得出了碎片云特征参数(碎片云头部速度、径向最大膨胀速度及膨胀角)随初始撞击条件的变化规律。     

月壤参数对月面着陆气囊缓冲性能的影响

为研究月壤参数对气囊缓冲性能的影响,根据“嫦娥三号”的着陆工况设计了月面着陆气囊,并基于可压溃泡沫模型建立了考虑月壤特性的气囊缓冲动力学模型。对不同月壤下气囊的缓冲过程进行分析,发现月壤越软有效载荷冲击加速度越小,但气囊会陷入月壤中,不利于对外排气,影响其缓冲效果。因此,采用气囊峰值压力、有效载荷最大加速度和最大下落高度3个指标对气囊缓冲性能进行综合评价,定量研究了月壤参数的影响规律。结果表明:月壤密度、剪切模量及屈服参数a₀和a₁对缓冲性能的影响较大,且对前两个指标为正影响,对后一个指标为负影响。进一步研究发现,这4个月壤参数与3个缓冲性能指标之间〖BHDWG8,WK10YQ,DK1*2,WK1*2D〗〖XCZX.TIF;%129%129〗听语音 聊科研与作者互动 均为指数函数关系。     

Investigation of normal,lateral, and oblique impact of microscale projectiles into unidirectional glass/epoxy composites

Spacesuits and spacecraft must endure high velocity impacts from micrometeoroids. This work considers the impact of 100 μm diameter projectiles into composite targets at velocities from 0.5 km/s to 2 km/s. This work begins by presenting an energy-based theoretical model relating depth of penetration (DoP) and impact force to impact velocity, characteristic time, and threshold velocity and force. Next, this work compares numerical simulations of normal impact on composites to the theoretical model. Numerical simulations are conducted with LS-DYNA and the well-known composite model, MAT-162. The numerical models consider unidirectional S2-glass fiber reinforced SC-15 epoxy composite laminates. The numerical model shows good correlation with the theoretical model. The numerical model also investigates lateral impact, parallel to the fiber direction, and oblique impact at angles from 30° to 82.5°. This work decomposes oblique impact into normal and lateral components, and compares them with normal and lateral impact results. The results show good correlation of the normal component of oblique results with the theoretical model. This numerical and theoretical study focuses on DoP, velocity, and penetration resistance force as functions of time. The theoretical model and numerical simulations are used to determine new DoP parameters: characteristic time of depth of penetration and threshold impact velocity. These models are a first step in developing the capability to predict DoP for oblique, microscale, high-speed impact on composite materials.     

非法移民对边境安全稳定的影响分析

边境安全作为国家安全或者国土安全的重要方面，越来越多地受到各种非传统安全因素的威胁和挑战，其中，非法移民问题就是一个不可忽视的因素。非法移民的界定涵盖了“偷运移民”和“贩运人口”两种犯罪形式，并分别从结构性维度和战略性维度分析了非法移民对输出国（或地区）、输入国（或地区）和途经国（或地区）边境安全稳定的影响。